LITERATURE REVIEW RELATED TO LEARNING ENVIRONMENTSNameInstitution affiliationCourseDate of Submission The learning environment can be described as the overall climate, culture, ambience in which learning takes place. This learning environment describes the intangible aspects of a classroom which offer it a particular tone or feel. This feel is usually realized when a stranger spends some minutes in the room making the class to change its aspirations, anticipation and the spirit of delivery, or uncomfortable and humdrum feeling. It is only academic achievements that are assed in schools. The assessment measures the effectiveness of teaching and learning. The description of learning environment is assessed through questionnaire as this provide complete and accurate learning environment. Considering the time spent on education, it is essential for educators and researchers to obtain information from students regarding their perception of their learning environment.The history of learning environment research has its roots in the social science, where pioneer psychologists Lewin and Murray were the first to analyze the psychological environment. The environment and its effects as Lewin emphasized determines the behavior of individuals which he represented behavior as a function of both the person and the environment. Lewin was able to distinguish the perception of environment by people which is perceived to be an interaction between the person and the environment-beta press, and the description of the environment as perceived by a detached observer-alpha press. Lewin and Murray however observed that the beta press had advantages since the alpha press could miss some important and relevant events and interactions (Fraser, 2001). The ideology is at core of the classroom learning environment. Murray on his part employed the concepts of beta and alpha press in the need press model where he pointed out that need, is the motivation of individuals to accomplish goals and press signify the environment usefulness in enabling or hindering the accomplishment of goals (Tobin & Fraser, 1998). Moos were another pioneer in the field of learning environment who developed his studies from diverse environments. He developed the human or social ecology due to the increased interest in the field of psychology, which he studied how humans grow and adapt to the various environments. Moos practical question was how an environment can be developed to maximize the competence and functioning of humans. This took his studies to educational settings where he developed the classroom environmental scale that asked students perception of the learning environment of the class as a whole.The first learning environments questionnaires have been used in educational settings were developed in the 1960s and 1970s where Walberg and Anderson developed Learning Environment Inventory (LEI) which assessed the perception of students on the basis of whole class environment (Tobin & Fraser, 19...