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[Solved] Hotel Revenue and Yield Management Essay

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[Solved] Hotel Revenue and Yield Management Essay

Contents

 

Description                                                                               Page number

 

  1. Introduction
  2. Definition of Yield Management in the hotel industry
  3. Yield management in the hotel industry
  4. Motivation of Revenue Management
  5. Summary of ‘Joint Pricing and Revenue Management
  6. Technical Task
  7. Recommendation
  8. Conclusion
  9. References

Introduction

Under present conditions, with the business in emergency, lodging administrations are progressively turning to innovation and machine applications for choice help apparatuses, for instance Yield Management (YM in whatever remains of the article), looking for a superior approach to deal with their occupancy and enhance their pay. Be that as it may, YM is not another system. Actually, the procedures of YM have been drawing in consideration from various scientists and professionals for more than two decades. Despite the fact that its procedures have been broadly recorded on the hypothetical level, particularly circulating everywhere transport segment, their application and advancement in the lodging business have gotten little consideration. So as to improve our understanding of the strategy around there, and to recognize the variables and elements influencing its presentation, advancement, and fruitful utilization, we have utilized an exploratory methodology focused around a qualitative system.

This report especially addresses the human component and its essentialness for the achievement of these procedures, now seen as inevitable segments of the data frameworks of inn associations.

Disregarding the way that the presentation of new advances has constrained the extent of human mediation in specific occupations, in others it has made conceivable a more elevated amount of ability, an expanded responsiveness, and a more noteworthy proficiency. In this association, YM procedures give a sort illustration to investigations of the communication in the middle of Man and engineering.

Definition of Yield Management in the hotel industry

Yield Management has been characterized in various ways. In any case, its motivation is straightforward. It is to give better administration of a constrained accessible limit, (for example, airline seats or hotel rooms), in order to augment general pay by applying an adaptable estimating strategy (Desiraju and Shugan, 1999) focused around a division of the supply (Desmet and Zollinger, 2000). The most broadly acknowledged definition is that proposed by Smith, Leimkhuler, and Darrow (1992). They recommend that "YM is a modern method for overseeing supply and request by acting at the same time on the costs and the accessible limit. It is a procedure of apportioning the best administration to the best client at the best cost and at the best time".

Since the 1980s, YM has been reached out a long ways past aerial shuttle valuing. In spite of the fact that it at first centred on demonstrating, the writing in this manner focused principally on the pertinence of this system to different exercises (Jallat and Ancarani, 2008), especially ones that consolidated a specific number of conditions (Kimes, 1989). The inn business is one of the regions that meets this necessity, and gives a setting that is extremely positive for the application of Yield Management systems (Lehu, 2000).

On the other hand, as proposed by Guilloux (2000) among others, explore on YM must be done in a more general way, considering the numerous elements influencing its execution and achievement. Little doubt remains astute to consider first its connections with the lodging association`s data framework and human assets.

Yield management in the hotel industry

As indicated by Perrien and Ricard (1994), the hierarchical structure and level of mechanical improvement in which an inn is arranged specifically influence its risks of effectively actualizing a YM framework. Alongside a few different creators (e.g., Warren and Ostergren, 1990; Yucelt and Marcella, 1996), Daigle and Ricard (2000) found that the utilization of data frameworks, and particularly those that utilize databases, was fundamental for the effective usage of a YM framework.

As indicated by Macvicar and Rodger (1995), the utilization of automated frameworks in lodgings was inexorable. Administration reports readied without machine help would be excessively deficient and would not permit the different business sections to be taken care of. In situations where limit is restricted and interest changes generally, Gamble (1990) considered that the utilization of new data innovations to deal with the accessible supply was crucial.

In the event that we consider all the variables that a lodging must consider on the off chance that it is to touch base at the best arrangement (diverse classifications of visitors, distinctive rates, a mixed bag of choices, deals confinements, and so on.), it gets to be clear that our constrained human cognitive limits will never, independent from anyone else, have the capacity to distinguish the ideal choice. A few choices oblige a decision among a mixture of dangers that are hard to catch or measure.

Modern registering apparatuses then get to be fundamental for enhancing the administration of limit. YM projects permit the transforming of extensive databases packed with data on the historical backdrop of the association`s exercises, customer practices, and the opposition. This empowers more precise estimating and the proficient, on-going administration of offers. As per Lehu (2000), successful YM can`t be accomplished without the utilization of modern displaying nearly acclimated to the organization`s movement, and normally backed by an effective data transforming framework. Machines permit us to make precise and unbiased gauges, all the more in accordance with reality.

Nonetheless, with the end goal YM should produce a true increment in profit it must be comprehended, learned, or more all acknowledged by every part of the association (Farell and Whelan-Ryan, 1998). Poor correspondence between the different working divisions, an absence of understanding of YM`s standards, or imperviousness to actualizing these methods can prompt a considerable open door cost. A YM framework won`t be of profit to a lodging if singular workers don`t successfully deal with the suggestions that the instrument gives.

Motivation of Revenue Management

Organizations use Revenue Management (RM) to effectively adjust supply and request and build benefits. To name a couple, American Airlines credits RM with expanding income by $1.4 billion in excess of three years (Smith et al. 1992) and some companies of Car Rental saw a $56 million income increment because of RM (Geraghty and Johnson 1997).

When all is said in done, most firms quality a 3 – 7 % expansion in benefit in the wake of executing Rm (cross 1997: pg 4).

Examples of overcoming adversity, for example, these are not common of all clients; not all clients of RM accomplish the same greatness of increases (Lieberman 2003). What drives these execution contrasts? According to the centre of the scholarly writing, the execution contrasts could come about because of the principal limit designation calculations – in excess of 75 papers have been distributed on this theme in the most recent twenty year.  Notwithstanding, in light of meetings with heading RM programming suppliers and clients, a few clients, incorporating a lot of people in the lodging business, have been hesitant to execute new algorithmic enhancements in their RM frameworks. Indeed, the essential limit distribution calculation utilized as a part of the RM frameworks of the real inn networks was produced in the late 1980`s (the EMSR-b heuristic by Belobaba 1989). This happens in spite of the way that a rich stream of exploration on enhanced calculations has showed up since this time. A conceivable purpose behind this hesitance to receive new calculations, frequently proposed by this gathering of clients, is that potential changes from better algorithmic execution are little contrasted with different open doors.

It has been recommended that these other change opportunities incorporate "soft" abilities and other specialized aptitudes past algorithmic upgrades. We distinguish and characterize these conceivable RM achievement drivers, then test how they effect firm execution.

Summary of ‘Joint Pricing and Revenue Management

Models with General Stochastic Demand ’Revenue management models have traditionally focused on the optimal inventory allocation decisions of the firm, treating price and demand as exogenous. However, prices are a key determinant of demand, which in turn, influences the firm’s profits. Hence, for firms, the ability to integrate pricing and inventory decisions can result in significant gains.

In typical revenue management industries, such as hotels, airlines, and fashion retailing, there are three critical levels of inventory decisions: capacity investment, physical resource and product differentiation, and inter-temporal inventory allocation. The crucial goal of this Report is to acquire ideal value designation approaches for these different issues, and explore their financial ramifications. Our results can likewise be seen as giving a bound together treatment of evaluating and stock designation choices over an assortment of operations models, including the newsvendor, adaptable assembling and yield administration settings.

Classical economic theory predicts that firms should set lower prices at higher inventory levels, and quantity setting firms should stock less at higher market prices.

Furthermore, we show that under the same conditions for demand, the profit function is concave along the optimal path, thus guaranteeing the existence of a unique optimal-price allocation policy. We assess the benefit of integrating pricing and allocation decisions, compared to a hierarchical decision process common in the industry and literature, through numerical experiments and demonstrate significant improvements in profits.

 

Technical Task

Intercontinental Hotel Luzern

Modern 4-star hotel is the place to be for individual travellers and seminar guests. Intercontinental Hotel Luzern believes that excellent hospitality is achieved when performance and attention to detail go hand-in hand. "Think Guest" is the philosophy on which our daily work is based on.

As a family owned business hotel we aim to provide guests with a pleasant stay and a great experience. Therefore we do not only offer a personalized service but we also keep on renovating our facilities since our hotel was built in 1994.

Private parking space with capacity for 25 cars

Conveniently is located in the centre of Lucerne city, surrounded by quite side roads, opposite to the main train station and beside Vögeligarten park.

92 comfortable and tastefully decorated rooms with complimentary DSL-Internet access.

Specially designed wheelchair-friendly room and designated smoking rooms are also available

With 268 m2 our meeting and event space has capacity to host up to 250 persons. Meeting and workshop rooms which host up to 20 persons

 

Bellini Ristorante Bar+Lounge invites you to a culinary journey throughout Swiss-Ticino and Italy

Outdoor lounge Giardino opens during Summer - located in Vögeligarten park with a nice playground area

Design single room 153CHF per night incl. breakfast / free WiFi  

Design double room 190CHF per night incl. breakfast / free WiFi

Superior double room 200CHF per night incl. breakfast / free WiFi

Junior Suite room 200CHF per night incl. breakfast / free WiFi

Family suite room 200CHF per night incl. breakfast / free WiFi

Recommendations

The most simple and commonly used definition of revenue management is ‘the business practice of selling the right inventory to the right customer at the right price at the right time so as to maximize total revenue’, profit, and market share. With the emergence of Internet travel websites, the definition may be extended to include ‘… through the right channel.’ Moreover, the above definition truly describes the objective of revenue management. Effective hotel revenue management is dependent on accurate demand forecasting of future arrival dates at a granular level as well as a relative understanding of the demand and rate positioning of competitors. To achieve optimal revenue performance over time, hotels must forecast total arrivals demand by rate, market segment, length of stay, and distribution channel while positioning the rates within each channel and market segment giving consideration to several factors such as seasonal market demand, citywide events, competitors’ rate positioning, and demand levels. An understanding of total consumer spending habits (beyond just the room rate) by market segment will further enhance the results derived from the revenue management process.

In very simple terms, revenue managers face one of two conditions: excess demand (where forecasted demand for a given arrival dates exceeds the available supply of rooms) or excess capacity (where the supply of rooms exceeds forecasted demand). The strategies deployed against these two conditions vary greatly.

When hotel capacity exceeds demand over a consecutive period of future arrival dates, the revenue management strategy is fairly simple: open run-of-house availability of all rates to all qualified market segments (negotiated entitlement rates such as AAA, AARP, discount clubs, local and national corporate accounts, etc.) of all stay patterns in all channels. When the excess capacity condition exists, optimal revenue and profitability will not be achieved if any demand from qualified segments is rejected. Retail (non-qualified market segment, i.e. consumers that pay the ‘rate of the day’) pricing then requires artful positioning based on the retail rates, product quality, location, brand strength, and demand levels of direct, upper, and lower tier competitors.

When hotel demand exceeds capacity, the revenue management strategy becomes more complex. The goal is to accept the demand that produces the greatest level of profitability over time. It is not just about getting the highest average rate on the night(s) with the excess demand. It is about filtering reservation requests that cross over the excess demand date(s), usually accepting the reservations with the longest lengths of stay and rejecting the reservation requests with the shorter lengths of stay. When extreme excess demand is projected, further filtering may be attempted by accepting the longest length-of-stay reservations with the highest room rate from the least expensive distribution channels. When excess demand exists, the objective is to fill as many rooms as possible on the excess capacity dates that surround the excess demand date(s) before the excess demand date(s) become overbooked to the point of having to be completely closed. To achieve this objective, revenue managers deploy length-of-stay restrictions in the distribution channels. These restrictions trigger the acceptance or rejection of all incoming reservation requests. An example of the use of this demand filtering strategy would be the deployment of a two-night length-of-stay restriction on a Saturday where extreme excess demand is projected surrounded by a Friday and Sunday with projected excess capacity. The two-night minimum length of stay restriction on Saturday triggers a rejection of all Saturday one-night stay requests while accepting Saturday arrivals with a multi-night length-of-stay pattern. The restriction also allows pre-Saturday arrivals to stay through and beyond Saturday night. If the length-of-stay restriction is not deployed, less-profitable one-night reservations will be accepted until the Saturday in question becomes so overbooked that it must be closed to all reservation requests. When this occurs, all revenue from future multi-night reservation requests that include Saturday in the stay pattern - including those that benefit the surrounding excess capacity dates - will be lost.

Revenue management produces optimal results in hotels that have access to accurate granular historical information, robust forecasting tools, strong competitive intelligence, a talented director of revenue management, and a strong revenue management-focused leadership team including the general manager, director of revenue management, director of sales, director of operations, controller, and reservations manager.

Conclusion

Amid this report has helped the open deliberation concerning the imperativeness of the selection and improvement of YM and RM methods in lodgings, and indisputably the need of human assets equipped for moving down this authoritative change. It creates the impression that the human component is basic to the usage of a powerful YM framework and RM. In spite of the fact that YM has been portrayed in numerous articles as a procedure that makes conceivable exact forecasts of the conduct of interest, which can prompt higher income, this can truly just be attained if the results created by the framework are painstakingly deciphered by faculty prepared to settle on the essential choices. Finally, the accomplishment of yield and revenue administration in a lodging requires the dedication of basically the greater part of the staff and a nearby between departmental coordination.

In any case, a more extensive application of the aftereffects of this report may be troublesome, for a few reasons, the principle one being that most of the inns contemplated have a place with a chain or gathering of lodgings. This study endeavours to make a commitment to the verbal confrontation on the significance of the human element in the achievement of another choice help supportive network. Extra research is required to supplement it, specifically by looking at more extensive specimens and talking with various persons involving diverse positions in hotels employing YM and RM.

References

  1. Badinelli, R D. (2000). An Optimal Dynamic Policy for Hotel Yield Management. European Journal of Operational Research, 121, 476-503.
  2. Bardin, L. (2007). L`analyse de contenu, PUF.
  3. Bradley, A, & Ingold, I. (1993). An investigation of yield management in Birmingham hotels. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 3 : 2, 13-16.
  4. Desiraju, R. & Shugan, S. (1999). Strategic service pricing and Yield Management. Journal of Marketing, 63, 44-56.
  5. Desmet, P. & Zollinger, M. (2000). Le prix de l`analyse conceptuelle aux méthodes de fixation. Economica: Paris.
  6. Farell, K. & Whelan-Ryan, F. (1998). Yield Management: A Model for Implementation. Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4, 267-277.
  7. Fitzsimmons, J. A. & Fitzsimmons, M. J. (1999). Service Management, Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology. McGraw-Hill.
  8. Gamble, P. R. (1990). Building a yield management system, the flip side. Hospitality Research Journal, 14: 2, 11-21.
  9. Hendler. R, & Hendler, F. (2004). Revenue Management in fabulous Las Vegas: Combining customer relationship management and revenue management to maximize profitability, Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 3: 1, 73-79.
  10. Jallat, F., & Ancarani, F. (2008). Yield management, dynamic pricing and CRM in telecommunications. The Journal of Services Marketing, 22: 6, 465-478.
  11. Jauncey. S., Mitchell I., & Slamet P. (1995). The Meaning and Management of Yield in hotels. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7: 4, 23-26.
  12. Kimes, S. (1989). The Basics of Yield Management. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 30: 3, 14-19.
  13. Liberman, W. H. (1993). Debunking the Myths of Yield Management. The Cornell H.R.A. University, 2, 34-41.
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  15. Luciani, S. (1999). Implementing Yield Management in Small and Medium Sized Hotels: An Investigation of Obstacles and Success Factors in Florence Hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 18: 2, 129-142.
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  18. Warren, P., Ostergren, N. W. (1990). Marketing Your Hotel: Challenges of the `90s. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, May, 56-59.
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