1. issues of jurisdiction; traditional bases of jurisdiction (territory, nationality, passive personality, protective principle, u

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1. issues of jurisdiction; traditional bases of jurisdiction (territory, nationality, passive personality, protective principle, universal principle), universal jurisdiction

1. Issues of jurisdiction; traditional bases of jurisdiction (territory, nationality, passive personality, protective principle, universal principle), universal jurisdiction

2.--issues of jurisdiction re nationality, ways of acquiring nationality (jus soli, jus sanguinis)

3.--international law and the individual; evolution of international law from

states to individuals; tension with principles of state sovereignty;

international human rights:  Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR),

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR); International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)

4.--UN Charter:  role of Security Council in dealing with threats to peace and security; peace-keeping issues (preventive diplomacy, peaceful settlement,

peacemaking, peace building, enforcement measures)

 5.--UN Charter on use of force; right of self-defense; preemptive self-defense, categories of force (retorsion, reprisal)

6.--Laws of war; international humanitarian law, issues of necessity and proportionality in war; Nuremberg principle; crimes against humanity; war crimes; Geneva Conventions

7.--Settlement of disputes by peaceful means (negotiation, good offices, mediation, conciliation, arbitration)

8.--International Court of Justice, goals, jurisdiction, optional

clause/compulsory jurisdiction, advisory function; role of ICJ in developing international law